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1 děti
I. děti I Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `do, say'Page in Trubačev: IV 229-230Old Church Slavic:dějati `do, say' [verb], dějǫ [1sg];děti sę `get to, disappear' [verb], deždǫ sę [1sg] \{1\};-děti `do, say' [verb], -dějǫ [1sg], -deždǫ [1sg], -děnǫ [1sg]Russian:déjat' (dial.) `do, make' [verb], déju [1sg]Czech:díti (obs.) `speak' [verb]Old Czech:Polish:dziać `weave, knit (arch.), do' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:djȅti `do, say' [verb], djȅdēm [1sg], djȅnēm [1sg];djȅsti (Vuk) `do, say' [verb], djȅdēm [1sg], djȅnēm [1sg]Slovene:dẹjáti `do, say' [verb], dẹ̑jem [1sg];dẹjáti `place, put, do, say' [verb], dẹ̑m [1sg];dẹjáti `place, put' [verb], dẹ́nem [1sg], dę́nem [1sg];dẹ́ti `place, put, do, say' [verb], dẹ̑m [1sg]Lithuanian:dė́ti `lay, put' [verb], dẽda [3ps];Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: dʰeh₁-Page in Pokorny: 235Other cognates:Skt. dádhāti `put, place, make' [verb];Notes:\{1\} The SJS gives děti sę, 1sg. deždǫ sę, 2sg. deždeši sę (Hilf., Venc.). The latter text does not belong to the Old Church Slavic canon. The quoted passages do not show that the present stem dežd- occurs in Hilf. \{2\} In his Old Czech dictionary, Gebauer has děti, děju `do' and děti, děju `speak, say'. In his Czech historical grammar (III.2: 228), however, he says that deju `I speak' is not attested and claims that the attested 1sg. diem is an innovation.II. děti II Grammatical information: Nompf. Proto-Slavic meaning: `children'Page in Trubačev: V 14Old Church Slavic:děti `children' [Nompf]Russian:déti `children' [Nom p]Czech:děti `children' [Nom p]Slovak:Polish:Slovincian:ʒìe̯cä `children' [Nom p]Bulgarian:déti (dial.) `children' [Nom p]Page in Pokorny: 241Comments: A derivative of the root * dʰeh₁-, cf. Latv. dę̂ls `son', dêt `suck'. The singular *dětь is hardly attested. The common singular of the word for `child' is -> *dětę, wehere the suffix *-t- was enlarged with the suffix *-ę < *- ent-, which is frequent in designations of young living creatures.Other cognates: -
2 činìti
činìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: cPage in Trubačev: IV 112-113Old Church Slavic:Russian:činít' `repair' [verb], činjú [1sg], čínit [3sg];činít' `carry out, execute' [verb], činjú [1sg], činít [3sg]Czech:Slovak:Polish:czynić `do, make, carry out, act' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:čìniti `do, make, sift' [verb], čìnīm [1sg];Čak. činȉti (Orbanići) `make, force' [verb], činĩn [1sg]Slovene:číniti `sift, do, bring about' [verb], čȋnim [1sg]Bulgarian:čínja `do, cost' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: kwei-n-Page in Pokorny: 637Comments: In view of the *-n-, we seem to be dealing with a derivative of činъ.Other cognates:Skt. cinóti `gather, arrange, pile up' [verb] -
3 būčàti
būčàti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `roar'Page in Trubačev: III 74Russian:bučát' (dial.) `low, weep loudly, hum' [verb]Czech:Slovak:Polish:buczeć `hum, cry' [verb]Upper Sorbian:bučeć `roar, low, cry' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:búčati `make a loud noise, boom, rage' [verb], búčīm [1sg];Čak. būčȁti (Vrgada) `hit the surface of the sea to frighten fish into a net' [verb], bũčåš [2sg]Slovene:búčati `make a loud noise, roar' [verb], bučím [1sg]Bulgarian:bučá `make a deafening noise' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bouk-Lithuanian:baũkti `roar' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: bʰouk-Page in Pokorny: 97 -
4 gǫsti
gǫsti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `play an instrument'Page in Trubačev: VII 85-86Church Slavic:gǫsti `play an instrument' [verb], gǫdǫ [1sg]Russian:gustí (dial.) `hum, make a sound, howl, weep, sing' [verb]Ukrainian:hustí (dial.) `hum' [verb]Czech:Slovak:húst' `play an instrument, chatter incessantly' [verb]Polish:gąść (arch.) `play, jingle, strum' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:gústi (arch.) `play, hum' [verb]Slovene:gǫ́sti `play the violin, grumble' [verb], gǫ́dem [1sg]Lithuanian:gaũsti `make a sound, hum' [verb], gaudžiù [1sg] -
5 mǭtìti
mǭtìti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `stir, trouble'Page in Trubačev: XX 142-145Old Church Slavic:mǫtiti (Ps. Sin., Supr.) `disquiet' [verb]Russian:mutít' `trouble, stir up' [verb], mučú [1sg], mutít [3sg]Czech:mútit' (dial.) `churn' [verb]Old Czech:mútiti `trouble, grieve, torment' [verb]Slovak:mútit' `trouble, churn' [verb]Polish:mącić `trouble, disturb' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:mútiti `trouble, confuse' [verb], mȗtīm [1sg];Čak. mūtȉti (Vrgada) `trouble, confuse' [verb], mũtīš [2sg];Čak. muotȉt (Orbanići) `stir, make turbid, muddy, confuse, entangle, talk smb. into smth.' [verb], muõti [3sg]Slovene:mǫ́titi `trouble, stir' [verb], mǫ́tim [1sg]Bulgarian:mắtja `trouble, disturb' [verb]Lithuanian:mę̃sti `mix' [verb], meñčia [3sg]Indo-European reconstruction: ment-Page in Pokorny: 732Other cognates:Skt. mánthati `whirl, rub' [verb]Notes: -
6 bьčelà
bьčelà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `bee'Page in Trubačev: III 104-105Old Church Slavic:Russian:pčeĺa `bee' [f ā];bčelá (dial.) `bee' [f ā];bželá (dial.) `bee' [f ā]Ukrainian:bdžolá `bee' [f ā];pčolá `bee' [f ā]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Upper Sorbian:Lower Sorbian:Polabian:celă `bee' [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:pčèla `bee' [f ā];čèla `bee' [f ā];Čak. čȅla (Vrgada) `bee' [f ā];Čak. čelȁ (Novi) `bee' [f ā];Čak. čȅlica (Orbanići) `bee' [f jā]Slovene:bǝčę̑la `bee' [f ā];bčę̑la `bee' [f ā];čǝbę̑la `bee' [f ā];čǝbę̑la `bee' [f ā];čę̑la `bee' [f ā];čmę̑la `bee' [f ā]Bulgarian:pčelá `bee' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bi-t-; bi-kel-eh₂Lithuanian:bìtė `bee' [f ē] 2Latvian:Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: bʰi-IE meaning: beePage in Pokorny: 116Comments: The North European root bʰi occurs with various suffixes. The *-k- of the Slavic forms is also found in OIr. bech < *bi-ko-. The main alternative etymology departs from PSl. *bъčela and advocates a connection with bučati `make a loud noise, roar'. This is the eymology preferred by Sɫawski (SP I: 456-457).Other cognates:OIc. bý `bee' [n];OE béo `bee' [f];Notes: -
7 žuriti
žuriti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `rage'Russian:žurít' (coll.) `reprove, scold' [verb], žurjú [1sg], žurít [3sg];žurít'sja (dial.) `grieve, quarrel' [verb], žurjús' [1sg], žurítsja [3sg]Czech:zuřiti `rage, be furious' [verb] \{1\}Slovak:zúrit' `rage, be furious' [verb] \{1\}Polish:żurzyć się (obs.) `be angry, rage' [verb]Lower Sorbian:zuriś `make sour, embitter' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:Slovene:žúriti se `hurry' [verb], žúrim se [1sg]Indo-European reconstruction: gʰeuro-Comments: According to Young (2002), the West Slavic forms continue a denominative verb based on an unattested adjective corresponding to Lith. žiaurùs `cruel, savage', which he assumes to have the same root as Lith. žvėrìs `wild animal' (*ǵʰeuh₁r-?). Like Vasmer and others, he connects the East and South Slavic forms with Skt. ghorá- `terrible, terrifying' [adj] and Go. gaurs `sad' [adj]. Since the meaning of the West Slavic forms may have been influenced by German sauer `sour, angry' (perhaps through association with West Slavic * žurъ `sour mass used for soup or bread', which is regarded as a borrowing), I wonder if it is necessary to assume a different origin for the West Slavic forms on the one hand and the East and South Slavic forms on the other.Other cognates:Skt. ghorá- (RV+) `terrible, terrifying' [adj];Notes:\{1\} With dissimilation of *žuř- to zuř- in Czech (Machek 1971: s.v.). The Slovak form may be a borrowing from Czech. -
8 ȇdlь
ȇdlь; edlà Grammatical information: f. i; f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `spruce, fir'Page in Trubačev: VI 14-15Russian:Czech:Old Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:jedla [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:jéla `fir' [f ā];jȅla `fir' [f ā];Čak. jȅla (Vrgada) `tree-trunk' [f ā]Slovene:ję̑l `spruce, fir' [f i], jelȋ [Gens];ję̑la `spruce, fir' [f ā]Bulgarian:jelá `fir' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: edli-Lithuanian:ẽglė `spruce, fir' [f ē] 2Latvian:Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: h₁edʰ-l-iIE meaning: spruce, firPage in Pokorny: 289-290Comments: Connecting the name of the `spruce' or `fir-tree' with Lith. ãdata `needle' and adýti `to darn', as advocated by Fraenkel ( Fraenkel I: 117-118) and Pokorny, is semantically attractive but does not make much sense in relation to Lat. ebulum (cf. Andersen 1996: 119).Other cognates:Lat. ebulum `dwarf-elder, danewort (sambucus ebulus)' [n], ebulus `dwarf-elder, danewort (sambucus ebulus)' [f];Notes: -
9 edlà
ȇdlь; edlà Grammatical information: f. i; f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `spruce, fir'Page in Trubačev: VI 14-15Russian:Czech:Old Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:jedla [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:jéla `fir' [f ā];jȅla `fir' [f ā];Čak. jȅla (Vrgada) `tree-trunk' [f ā]Slovene:ję̑l `spruce, fir' [f i], jelȋ [Gens];ję̑la `spruce, fir' [f ā]Bulgarian:jelá `fir' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: edli-Lithuanian:ẽglė `spruce, fir' [f ē] 2Latvian:Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: h₁edʰ-l-iIE meaning: spruce, firPage in Pokorny: 289-290Comments: Connecting the name of the `spruce' or `fir-tree' with Lith. ãdata `needle' and adýti `to darn', as advocated by Fraenkel ( Fraenkel I: 117-118) and Pokorny, is semantically attractive but does not make much sense in relation to Lat. ebulum (cf. Andersen 1996: 119).Other cognates:Lat. ebulum `dwarf-elder, danewort (sambucus ebulus)' [n], ebulus `dwarf-elder, danewort (sambucus ebulus)' [f];Notes: -
10 ękati
ękati; ęcati \{1\} Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: VI 69-70Czech:Polish:jąkać `stammer' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:jékati `resound, moan' [verb];jȅkati `scold, urge on' [verb];jȅcati `sob, stammer' [verb]Slovene:ję́kati `hit with a lot of noise, bump into' [verb], ję̑kam [1sg];ję́cati `stammer, prattle' [verb], ję̑cam [1sg]Bulgarian:écam (dial.) `eat, dangle' [verb];jécam (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ink-Lithuanian:inkštėti (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Comments: The form ęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization.Other cognates: -
11 ęcati
ękati; ęcati \{1\} Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: VI 69-70Czech:Polish:jąkać `stammer' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:jékati `resound, moan' [verb];jȅkati `scold, urge on' [verb];jȅcati `sob, stammer' [verb]Slovene:ję́kati `hit with a lot of noise, bump into' [verb], ję̑kam [1sg];ję́cati `stammer, prattle' [verb], ję̑cam [1sg]Bulgarian:écam (dial.) `eat, dangle' [verb];jécam (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ink-Lithuanian:inkštėti (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Comments: The form ęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization.Other cognates: -
12 màzati
màzati Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `smear, anoint'Page in Trubačev: XVIII 23-25Old Church Slavic:Russian:mázat' `smear, oil, grease' [verb], mážu [1sg], mážet [3sg]Czech:Slovak:Polish:mazać `smear' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:mȁzati `smear, grease, paint' [verb], mȁžēm [1sg];Čak. mȁzati (Vrgada) `soil, besmirch' [verb], mȁžeš [2sg];mȁzati `smear, grease, paint' [verb];Čak. mȁzat (Orbanići) `smear, grease' [verb], mȃžen [1sg]Slovene:mázati `smear, grease, paint' [verb], mȃžem [1sg]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: moʔź-Lithuanian:mė́žti `manure, muck out'Latvian:muõzêt `gobble, pound, fool, harass, beat' [verb]Page in Pokorny: 696Comments: For the time being I have grouped together Slavic *màzati and Lith. mė́žti `manure, muck out', Latv. mêzt `muck out, sweep' and muõzêt `gobble, pound etc.' (cf. Oštir 1912: 214, Fraenkel I: 444). It seems to me that the Baltic words can be linked semantically to *màzati `smear' if we start from a meaning `smear, wipe, sweep' (for the semantic development attested in muõzêt, cf. Ru. smázat' `strike a blow', MoDu. (dial.) afsmeren `give s.o. a beating'). Another possibility would be to connect *màzati with Gk. μάσσω (aor. pass. μαγη̃ναι) `knead' (provided that the root is not μακ- instead of μαγ-, which, according to Chantraine (670), cannot be determined), Arm. macanim `thicken, stick together' and OHG mahhōn, OS makōn etc. `make'. This would entail a reconstruction *meh₂ǵ- (*maǵ- in Pokorny), which would preclude a connection with mė́žti, Latv. mêzt. -
13 čarъ
čarъ Grammatical information: m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `magic, sorcery'Page in Trubačev: IV 26Old Church Slavic:Russian:čáry `magic, enchantment' [Nompm o]Czech:čáry `magic, sorcery' [Nompm o] \{1\}Old Czech:čáry `magic, sorcery' [Nompm o] \{1\}Slovak:Polish:Slovene:čȃr `sorcery, magic' [m o]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:keraĩ `sorcery' [Nplm o]Indo-European reconstruction: kwēr-o-Page in Pokorny: 641Comments: Unlike Baltic, Slavic has a lengthened grade vowel in the word for `sorcery'. It is possible that čarъ and čara continue a root noun.Other cognates:Skt. karóti `make' [verb]Notes:\{1\} The singular čár is uncommon. The SSJČ also mentions čár or čar (poet.) `unusual beauty, magical appeal'. -
14 bǫbьniti
bǫbьniti Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: II 232Russian:bubnít' `grumble, mutter' [verb]Czech:Polish:bębnić `beat the drum, make noise' [verb]Page in Pokorny: 93 -
15 pěti
pěti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `sing'Old Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:pěti `crow' [verb], pěji [1sg]Polish:piać `crow' [verb], pieję [1sg] \{1\}Old Polish:pieć `sing' [verb], poję [1sg];piać `sing' [verb], pieję [1sg]Serbo-Croatian:pòjati `sing' [verb], pòjēm [1sg];Slovene:pẹ́ti `sing' [verb], pójem [1sg];pójati `sing' [verb], pójam [1sg], pójem [1sg]Bulgarian:péja `sing' [verb], péeš [2sg]Indo-European reconstruction: poiH-Other cognates:Notes:\{1\} According to Bańkowski (2000: 540), piać `sing' occurs from the 14th to the 17th c. and in 18th and 19th c. poetry. -
16 ęčati
ęčati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wail, moan'Page in Trubačev: VI 61-62Church Slavic:Russian:jačát' (dial.) `wail, moan' [verb]Old Russian:Czech:Old Czech:jěčěti `scream, moan' [verb]Slovak:Polish:jęczeć `moan' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:jéčati `resound, moan' [verb]Slovene:ję́čati `whine, moan' [verb], ječímBulgarian:ečá `sound, buzz' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ink-Lithuanian:inkštėti (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Other cognates:
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